{
  "$schema": "https://ps-wiki.github.io/schema/v1/term.schema.json",
  "id": "inverter-based-resources",
  "title": "Inverter-based Resources",
  "description": "IBR. BPS-connected resources that have a power electronic interface.",
  "language": "en",
  "tags": [
    "generation",
    "nerc"
  ],
  "related": [],
  "breaking": false,
  "dates": {
    "created": "2025-03-15",
    "last_modified": "2025-06-20"
  },
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Jinning Wang",
      "url": "https://jinningwang.github.io"
    }
  ],
  "content": {
    "sections": [
      {
        "order": 1,
        "id": "definition-by-nerc",
        "title": "Definition by NERC",
        "type": "definition",
        "source_keys": [
          "nerc2023inverter"
        ],
        "page": null,
        "body_md": "> Refer generally to BPS-connected facilities that have a power electronic interface between the AC grid and the source of electricity.\n\nTwo clarifications from the source reference are excerpted here:\n\n> **What types of IBR exist?**\n>\n> Inverter-based resources include modern wind turbines, meaning type 3 and type 4 wind turbines, solar photovoltaic, and battery energy storage resources, as well as HVDC circuits and FACTs devices like static synchronous compensators and static volt-ampere reactive compensators.\n\n> **What is the difference between IBR and DER?**\n>\n> - [DER](/wiki/distributed-energy-resources) are generating resources located on the **distribution** system.\n> - DER **may or may not** use inverter technology to interface with the AC grid; however, they are distinctly different than BPS-connected inverter-based resources (connected to transmission and sub-transmission levels).\n"
      }
    ]
  }
}